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1998³â¿¡ AAFP(American Association of Feline Practitioners)¿Í AFM(Academy of Feline Medicine)¿¡¼ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Â Á¦¸ñÀÇ º¸°í¼ "1998 Report of the American Association of Feline Practitioners and the Academy of Feline Medicine Advisory Panel on Feline Vaccines(http://www.api4animals.org/558.htm)"¸¦ ³Â´Âµ¥, ÀÌ º¸°í¼¿¡ µû¸£¸é Àü¿°¼º ºñ±â°üÁö¿°(FVR), ¹ü¹éÇ÷±¸°¨¼ÒÁõ(FPV), Ä®¸®½Ã ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º(FCV), °í¾çÀÌ ±¤°ßº´(Rabies) ¹é½ÅÀÌ ÄÚ¾î ¹é½Å(core vaccine)À¸·Î ºÐ·ùµÇ¸ç ÀÌ ¿ÜÀÇ ¹é½Åµé(Ŭ¶ó¹Ìµð¾ÆÁõ, °í¾çÀÌ ¹éÇ÷º´ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º, °í¾çÀÌ Àü¿°¼º º¹¸·¿° ¹é½Å µî)Àº ¹é½ÅÀÇ È¿°úµµ È®½ÅÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ Å©±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀÎ °¨¿°ÀÇ À§Ç輺ÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ Á¢Á¾ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÄÚ¾î ¹é½Åµéµµ ¸Å³â Ãß°¡Á¢Á¾ ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó 3³â °£°ÝÀ¸·Î Á¢Á¾ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
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1) À§ º¸°í¼ ¿ä¾àº»(http://www.api4animals.org/556.htm)¿¡ ¼³¸íµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °í¾çÀÌ º¹¸·¿°(Feline infectious peritonitis) ¹é½Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
<12 weeks old when first examined : Not recommended
>12 weeks old when first examined : Vaccinate at initial visit and again 3 to 4 weeks later (first dose should not be given before 16 weeks of age)
Booster vaccination interval : 1 year after initial vaccination series, then at 3-year intervals
Comments : Can be considered for cats at risk of exposure to cats known or suspected to have been exposed to feline coronavirus
2)ÄÚ³Ú ´ëÇÐÀÇ ¼öÀǰú ´ëÇп¡¼ ¿î¿µÇÏ´Â °í¾çÀÌ °Ç° ¼¾ÅÍÀÇ ±Û(http://www.vet.cornell.edu/Public/FHC/vaccbr.html ) Áß¿¡¼...(ÀúÈñ °Ô½Ã¹°¿¡ ÀÖ´Â º¹¸·¿°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù.)
°í¾çÀÌ Àü¿°¼º º¹¸·¿°(Feline Infectious Peritonitis) : °í¾çÀÌ Àü¿°¼º º¹¸·¿°(FIP)Àº °í¾çÀÌ Äڷγª ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¿¡ °¨¿°µÇ¾î ³ªÅ¸³´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ùÀÇ º¯Á¾ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼µµ °¨¿°µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª ´ëºÎºÐ ½É°¢ÇÑ Áúº´À» À¯¹ßÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Äڷγª ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¿¡ °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀ̵é Áß 1~5% Á¤µµÀÇ °í¾çÀ̵鿡°Ô¼ °í¾çÀÌ Àü¿°¼º º¹¸·¿°(FIP)ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³´Ù.
Äڷγª ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º´Â °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀÌÀÇ ¹è¼³¹°À» ÅëÇØ Àü¿°µÈ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀÌ¿ÍÀÇ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ Á¢ÃËÀ̳ª ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º·Î ¿À¿°µÈ ÈÀå½ÇÀ̳ª ½Ä±â, ħ±¸, ¿Ê, Àå³°¨¿¡ ³ëÃâµÇ¾î Àü¿°µÈ´Ù. ¿©·¯ °í¾çÀÌ¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç´Â °í¾çÀ̵éÀÌ ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¿¡ °¨¿°µÉ È®·üÀÌ ³ô´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ÀûÀº ¼ýÀÚÀÇ °í¾çÀÌ¿Í ÇÔ²² »ç´Â °æ¿ì´Â ±× È®·üÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ³·´Ù. ¸ðµç ¿¬·É´ëÀÇ °í¾çÀ̵éÀÌ °í¾çÀÌ Àü¿°¼º º¹¸·¿°(FIP)¿¡ °É¸± ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª 2»ì ¹Ì¸¸ÀÇ ¾î¸° °í¾çÀ̵鿡°Ô¼ ¹ßº´ÇÒ È®·üÀÌ ´õ ³ô´Ù. Ä¡·á¸¦ ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ °í¾çÀÌ Àü¿°¼º º¹¸·¿°(FIP)¿¡ °É¸®°Ô µÇ¸é »ýÁ¸ÇÒ È®·üÀÌ ³ôÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ¿¹¹æ ¹é½ÅÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¿¹¹æ È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àǹ®ÀÌ Á¦±âµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
3) º¸´Ù ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº AAFP¿Í AFM º¸°í¼ÀÇ Àü¹®(http://www.api4animals.org/559.htm#Peritonitis )¿¡¼ º¹¸·¿°¿¡ °üÇÑ ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ±ÛÀ» ÂüÁ¶ÇϽʽÿÀ.
Feline infectious peritonitis -- Feline infectious peritonitis is caused by a coronavirus and is a disease of domestic and exotic cats. The disease is thought to be transmitted through oronasal contact with contaminated feces. Queens may transmit the virus to kittens during the preweaning period. The reservoir of the organism is unknown but is suggested to be carrier or subclinically ill cats. What constitutes the FIP virus (FIPV) is controversial, but current theory suggests that FIPV and feline enteric coronavirus have the propensity to induce FIP in susceptible cats. Feline enteric coronavirus is regarded as the parent virus of FIPV. Two distinct forms of FIP are the effusive (wet) and pyogranulomatous (dry) forms. Atypical coronavirus-induced disease is also common and of no less importance to cats and their owners. Risk of contracting FIP increases with increasing numbers of seropositive cats in a household. Young cats (< 1 year old) are at greatest risk of infection. Certain breeds (Persians) and certain lines within breeds appear to be predisposed to FIP after infection with feline enteric coronavirus. Treatment has not yet been proven to be uniformly and consistently effective. Cats may develop clinical signs of FIP and die weeks to years after infection. The panel recognizes inherent problems in assessing the risk-to-benefit ratio for vaccination in the cat population as a whole, in part because of difficulties in assessing information from owners concerning the lifestyle of their cats. Considerable controversy surrounds the efficacy of the FIP vaccine. Some studies demonstrate protection from disease; others show little benefit of vaccination. Some studies have demonstrated antibody-dependent enhancement of disease in certain circumstances, but there is little evidence at this time to suggest that this happens in a natural setting. Discrepancies among studies are probably attributable to differences in methodology, including strain and dose of challenge virus and genetic predisposition of the test animals. The panel considers this to be a noncore vaccine because of the low prevalence of disease in confined populations of cats. As a result, vaccination is recommended only for cats at risk of exposure to the causative organism. However, the panel was split as to what constituted risk of exposure to FIP-inducing coronaviruses. A minority of the panel members recommended vaccination of kittens and cats with lifestyles that resulted in substantial risk of exposure to coronaviruses. Most panel members recommended that vaccination be limited to cats in specific risk situations, such as households in which FIP had been diagnosed. Those cats for which vaccination is deemed appropriate should receive a foundation series of vaccinations as kittens, according to recognized protocols. An annual booster vaccination is recommended by vaccine manufacturers; however, to our knowledge, duration of immunity studies have not been performed.
°á·ÐÀº... FIP¿¡ °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀÌ¿¡°Ô ³ëÃâµÉ ¼ö Àִ ȯ°æ °°Àº Ưº°ÇÑ À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ ±ÇÀåµÇ¸ç Ãß°¡ Á¢Á¾µµ 3³â °£°ÝÀ¸·Î ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ÇÀåÇÏ´Â °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
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1) AAFP¿Í AFM º¸°í¼ ¿ä¾àº»( http://www.api4animals.org/556.htm )¿¡ ¼³¸íµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °í¾çÀÌ º¹¸·¿°(Feline infectious peritonitis) ¹é½Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀº ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
<12 weeks old when first examined : Vaccinate at initial visit and again 3 to 4 weeks later (first dose should be given at >8 weeks of age, second dose at >12 weeks of age)
>12 weeks old when first examined : Vaccinate at initial visit and again 3 to 4 weeks later
Booster vaccination interval : 1 year after initial vaccination series, then annually
Comments : Recommended for use in cats at high risk of exposure
2) ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ÀúÈñ°¡ ¿Ã·Á³õÀº... ÄÚ³Ú ´ëÇÐÀÇ ¼öÀǰú ´ëÇп¡¼ ¿î¿µÇÏ´Â °í¾çÀÌ °Ç° ¼¾ÅÍÀÇ ±Û( http://www.vet.cornell.edu/Public/FHC/vaccbr.html ) Áß ¹éÇüº´¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ë
°í¾çÀÌ ¹éÇ÷º´ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º(Feline Leukemia Virus): °í¾çÀÌ ¹éÇ÷º´ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º(FeLV)·Î ÀÎÇØ ¸¹Àº °í¾çÀ̵éÀÌ ¸ñ¼ûÀ» ÀÒ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º´Â °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀÌÀÇ Ä§°ú Ä๰À» ÅëÇØ Àü¿°µÈ´Ù. °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀÌ¿ÍÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ Á¢ÃËÀ̳ª ¹°¸° »óó¸¦ ÅëÇØ Àü¿°µÇ¸ç, °¨¿°µÈ ¾î¹Ì °í¾çÀÌ¿¡°Ô¼ »õ³¢ °í¾çÀÌ¿¡°Ô Àü¿°µÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. FeLV¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Áúº´Àº ¸Å¿ì ½É°¢ÇÑ ¼öÁØÀÌ´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡ °¨¿°µÈ ÀÌÈÄ 3³â ÀÌ»ó »ýÁ¸ÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀº 20% ÀÌÇÏ·Î ÃßÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ºóÇ÷, ¾Ï, ¸é¿ª·Â ÀúÇÏ·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÀÌÂ÷ °¨¿° µîÀÌ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Áõ»óÀÌ´Ù.
¹Û¿¡ »ç´Â °í¾çÀ̳ª ¿ÜÃâÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ °í¾çÀÌ, ±×¸®°í ÀÌ·± °í¾çÀ̵鿡 ³ëÃâµÈ °í¾çÀ̵éÀº ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¿¡ °¨¿°µÉ À§ÇèÀÌ ³ô´Ù. FeLV¿¡ °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀÌ¿Í ÇÔ²² »ì °æ¿ì ±× À§Ç輺ÀÌ ³ô´Ù. 4°³¿ù ¹Ì¸¸ÀÇ »õ³¢ °í¾çÀ̵éÀÌ Á» ´õ ½±°Ô °¨¿°µÈ´Ù. Áý ¾È¿¡¼¸¸ »ýȰÇÏ´Â °í¾çÀ̵éÀÇ °æ¿ì °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀÌ¿Í Á¢ÃËÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀº °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù. °¨¿°µÉ À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °í¾çÀÌ, ƯÈ÷ 4°³¿ù ¹Ì¸¸ÀÇ °í¾çÀÌ µé¿¡°Ô ¿¹¹æÁ¢Á¾ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ±ÇÀåµÈ´Ù. ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º¿¡ ³ëÃâµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀûÀº °í¾çÀ̵é, ƯÈ÷ 4°³¿ù ÀÌ»óÀÇ °í¾çÀ̵鿡°Ô´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã Á¢Á¾ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ ¹é½ÅÀÌ ¸ðµç °í¾çÀ̵鿡°Ô¼ ¿¹¹æ È¿°ú¸¦ º¸ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °¨¿°µÈ °í¾çÀÌ¿Í Á¢ÃËÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÇÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Àå °£´ÜÇϸ鼵µ È¿°úÀûÀÎ ¿¹¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù.
3) ¿ª½Ã, º¸´Ù ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº AAFP¿Í AFM º¸°í¼ÀÇ Àü¹®( http://www.api4animals.org/559.htm#Leukemia )¿¡¼ ¹éÇ÷º´¿¡ °üÇÑ ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ±ÛÀ» ÂüÁ¶ÇϽʽÿÀ.
Feline leukemia virus infection -- Feline leukemia virus is 1 of 3 exogenous retroviruses known to infect cats. Feline leukemia virus infects domestic cats throughout the world, and the infection rate seems to be directly related to population density. Urban areas where cats are allowed to roam free have a higher incidence of disease than do rural areas. The virus is carried by healthy, subclinically infected, or chronically ill cats. Transmission is through prolonged intimate contact with infected cats or bite wounds; the virus can also be transmitted in utero or through the milk. Experimental data demonstrate that young kittens (< 16 weeks old) are highly susceptible to infection. Kittens older than 16 weeks and adult cats seem to be much less susceptible to infection and disease. Clinical signs of FeLV infection are related to secondary diseases resulting from immunosuppressive disorders or neoplasia. Use of testing to identify FeLV-positive cats is the mainstay of managing FeLV infection and is not supplanted by vaccination. The ELISA test is recognized as the preferred screening test for FeLV infection. Vaccination against FeLV infection is recommended only for cats that have lifestyles that place them at risk for exposure to the organism. These include outdoor cats, indoor-outdoor cats, stray cats, feral cats, cats in open, multiple-cat households, cats in FeLV-positive households, and cats in households with unknown FeLV status. Indoor cats are unlikely to become infected unless they are at risk for exposure for some other reason. Assessment of risk-to-benefit ratios probably favors use of the vaccine in cats that are at high risk for exposure. The panel recognizes inherent problems in assessing risk-to-benefit ratios in the cat population because of difficulties in assessing information from owners concerning lifestyle of their cats. Immunity conferred by FeLV vaccines is considered fair to good, with variability in efficacy of different FeLV vaccines. Efficacy is determined by ability to prevent persistent viremia after vaccination. Normally, vaccinated cats that are challenge exposed do not develop clinical signs and are protected from persistent viremia after vaccination. The panel considers this to be a noncore vaccine. The panel recommends that cats at risk of exposure to FeLV be given a foundation series of vaccinations as kittens, according to recognized protocols recommended by the manufacturer. Annual booster vaccination is recommended by vaccine manufacturers. To our knowledge, duration of immunity studies beyond 1 year have not been performed by any US biologics manufacturer to date. Without evidence to support a longer duration of immunity, annual revaccination of cats at risk of exposure would be appropriate. Because of the increased susceptibility of young cats and the inability to precisely define a cat's environment at this early age, some panel participants favor initial vaccination of all kittens, with subsequent booster vaccinations given only to those cats that are at risk of exposure.
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ÀúÈñ´Â.... ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¸¹°í È¿´ÉÀÌ ¹ÏÀ»¸¸ ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÏ´Â ¿¹¹æÁ¢Á¾º¸´Ù´Â ÁÁÀº À½½Ä°ú ÁÁÀº ȯ°æÀ» Á¦°øÇϰí À§ÇèÇÑ È¯°æ¿¡ ³ëÃâµÇÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÁÖÀÇÇϴ°ÍÀÌ º¸´Ù ÁÁÀº ¹æ¹ýÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢Çϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ, ¾Æ¿¹ ¿¹¹æÁ¢Á¾À» ÀüÇô ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó°í ÇÏ´Â ¿Ü±¹ ¼öÀÇ»çµéÀÇ ±Ûµµ º»Àû ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
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